OSI Model
Overview
The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) defines seven layers that abstract the flow of data through computer & telecommunications systems.
| Layer | Name | Protocol | TCP/IP | Examples | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | Government | According to Bruce Schneider & RSA | ||||
| 9 | Organization | According to Bruce Schneider & RSA | ||||
| 8 | User | According to Bruce Schneider & RSA | ||||
| 7 | Application | Data | HTTP, HTTPS | WebRTC, WebSocket | High-level APIs, including resource sharing, remote file access | |
| 6 | Presentation | Data | TLS/SSL, MIME | ASCII, MPEG | Translation of data between a networking service and an application; including character encoding, data compression and encryption/decryption | |
| 5 | Session | Data | Sockets | SOCKS, Named pipes, RPC | Managing communication sessions, i.e., continuous exchange of information in the form of multiple back-and-forth transmissions between two nodes | |
| 4 | Transport | Segment, Datagram | TCP, UDP | Reliable transmission of data segments between points on a network, including segmentation, acknowledgement and multiplexing | ||
| 3 | Network | Packet | IP, IPSec, ICMP | Structuring and managing a multi-node network, including addressing, routing and traffic control | ||
| 2 | Data link | Frame | PPP | Reliable transmission of data frames between two nodes connected by a physical layer | ||
| 1 | Physical | Bit, Symbol | Transmission and reception of raw bit streams over a physical medium | medium |